RSS Few-Body Systems

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  1. Abstract

    Quantum few-body systems are deceptively simple. Indeed, with the notable exception of a few special cases, their associated Schrödinger equation cannot be solved analytically for more than two particles. One has to resort to approximation methods to tackle quantum few-body problems. In particular, variational methods have been proposed to ease numerical calculations and obtain precise solutions. One such method is the Stochastic Variational Method, which employs a stochastic search to determine the number and parameters of correlated Gaussian basis functions used to construct an ansatz of the wave function. Stochastic methods, however, face numerical and optimization challenges as the number of particles increases.We introduce a family of gradient variational methods that replace stochastic search with gradient optimization. We comparatively and empirically evaluate the performance of the baseline Stochastic Variational Method, several instances of the gradient variational method family, and some hybrid methods for selected few-body problems. We show that gradient and hybrid methods can be more efficient and effective than the Stochastic Variational Method. We discuss the role of singularities, oscillations, and gradient optimization strategies in the performance of the respective methods.

  2. Abstract

    In this paper, we investigate the quantum dynamics of scalar and oscillator fields in a topological defect space-time background under the influence of rainbow gravity’s. The rainbow gravity’s are introduced into the considered cosmological space-time geometry by replacing the temporal part \(dt \rightarrow \frac{dt}{\mathcal {F}(\chi )}\) and the spatial part \(dx^i \rightarrow \frac{dx^i}{\mathcal {H} (\chi )}\) , where \(\mathcal {F}, \mathcal {H}\) are the rainbow functions and \(0 \le \chi =|E|/E_p <1\) is the dimensionless parameter. We derived the radial equation of the Klein–Gordon equation and its oscillator equation under rainbow gravity’s in topological space-time. To obtain eigenvalue of the quantum systems under investigations, we set the rainbow functions \(\mathcal {F}(\chi )=1\) and \(\mathcal {H}(\chi )=\sqrt{1-\beta \,\chi ^p}\) , where \(p=1,2\) . We solve the radial equations through special functions using these rainbow functions and analyze the results. In fact, it is shown that the presence of cosmological constant, the topological defect parameter \(\alpha \) , and the rainbow parameter \(\beta \) modified the energy spectrum of scalar and oscillator fields in comparison to the results obtained in flat space.

  3. Abstract

    We study the influence of a symmetrically spherical potential on the harmonic oscillator. The symmetrically spherical potential consists of a repulsive short-range potential inspired by the power-exponential potential. By dealing with s-wave in the region where the repulsive short-range potential is significant, we show how the energy levels of the three-dimensional harmonic oscillator are modified by the short-range potential influence. Furthermore, we show that a non-null revival time with regard to the s-state exists.

  4. Abstract

    We investigate the mass spectra and decay properties of pions and all light tetraquarks using both semi-relativistic and non-relativistic frameworks. By applying a Cornell-like potential and a spin-dependent potential, we generate the mass spectra. The decay properties of tetraquarks are evaluated using the annihilation model and the spectator model. Potential tetraquark candidates are interpreted for quantum numbers \(J^{PC} = 0^{{+}{+}}, 0^{{-}{+}}, 1^{{-}{+}}, 1^{{+}{-}}, 1^{{-}{-}}, 2^{{+}{-}}, 2^{{-}{+}},\) and \(2^{{-}{-}}\) . Additionally, we compare our results with existing experimental data and theoretical predictions to validate our findings. This study aims to enhance the understanding of tetraquarks in the light-light sector.

  5. Abstract

    We derive exact analytical solutions to the Schrödinger equation featuring a dual-scale potential, namely, a blend of a van der Waals (vdW) potential and an isotropic harmonic potential. The asymptotic behaviors of these solutions as \(r\rightarrow 0\) and \(r\rightarrow \infty \) are also elucidated. These results are obtained through the approach we recently developed [arXiv: 2207.09377]. Using our results, we further calculate the s-wave and p-wave energy spectrums of two particles confined in an isotropic harmonic trap, with vdW inter-particle interaction. We compare our exact results and the ones given by the zero-range pseudopotential (ZRP) approaches, with either energy-dependent or energy-independent s-wave scattering length \(a_s\) or p-wave scattering volume \(V_p\) . It is shown that the results of ZRP approaches with energy-dependent \(a_s\) or \(V_p\) consist well with our exact ones, when the length scale \(\beta _6\) of the vdW potential equals to or less than the length scale \(a_h\) of the confinement potential. Furthermore, when \(\beta _6\gg a_h\) (e.g., \(\beta _6=10a_h\) ) all the ZRP approaches fail. Our results are helpful for the research of confined ultracold atoms or molecules with strong vdW interactions.